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A piñata during a
Mexican celebration in a German amusement park
The world's largest piñata. Constructed in
Six Flags México to promote
Viva Piñata, an Xbox 360 videogame.
The piñata is a brightly-colored paper container filled with sweets and/or toys. It is generally suspended on a rope from a tree branch or ceiling and is used during celebrations. A succession of
blindfolded, stick-wielding children try to break the piñata in order to collect the sweets (traditionally fruit, such as
sugarcane) and/or toys inside of it. It has been used for hundreds of years to celebrate special occasions such as
birthdays,
Christmas and
Easter.
Contents[
hide]
1 Etymology2 Origins3 The Dale, Dale Song4 Other meanings//
[
edit] Etymology
The
Spanish word piñata comes from the
Italian word pignatta
[1], a pinecone-shaped clay pot (from pigna, "pinecone"). Traditionally, people would get blindfolded and spun in circles to make it harder to have good balance.
[
edit] Origins
Given its special association with Mexico, the piñata probably derives from pre-Columbian
Aztec ritual clay pots. One version of these were the rain-god clay pots
[2] which ritually represented a thunderstorm. The pots were decorated and included a face of the rain god
Tlaloc. These pots were filled with water rather than candy or toys. Striking a pot represented thunder and the resulting outflow of water represented the downpour of rain. Another version was associated with the war god
Huitzilopochtli and the cycle of the calendar. At the end of the year, and to herald the new year, a clay pot covered with feathers and filled with trinkets was raised on a pole to be struck with a stick or bat. With the adoption of Catholicism, these Aztec religious rituals were transformed. The piñata became both a secular ritual, typically employed for birthday celebrations, and also as described below, coopted into Catholic symbolism, and perhaps through the Church, introduced into Europe.
A seven-pointed star piñata
There are various other hypotheses as to the origin of the piñata. One version, for example, speculates that the piñata was found in China by Marco Polo and brought to Italy. However, there is no reliable source for this oft-repeated story. There is no evidence that piñatas existed in Italy before Europeans arrived in Mexico, although the tradition does appear afterward in
Lenten festivals. The preceding speculation continues, that the Italian pignatta was subsequently introduced into Spain, but was usually called la olla, the word for a pot. From there, it is said to have been introduced to Mexico, which coincidentally already had its own versions of the olla or piñata. However, there is no evidence that the olla or piñata existed in Spain prior to the conquest of Mexico. Moreover, the piñata did not appear anywhere else in Spain's Latin America colonies until some time later, and even today, is not commonly found outside of Mexico and Mexican communities abroad.
Piñateria in
Tijuana, Mexico
Piñatas are made from easily breakable materials, such as
straw,
papier-mâché, or
clay. Traditionally they were made in the shape of
human or
animal figures, but, in recent times,
vehicles,
cartoon characters, or corporate
mascots have gained in popularity. In some areas in Mexico and Central America, one finds small stores called piñaterías that are devoted exclusively to sales of piñatas.
In the Mexican Catholic celebration of Christmas, the piñata is traditionally shaped like a seven-pointed star which represents the
devil and the
seven deadly sins, while the contents are the goods or blessings he is withholding. Striking the devil with faith, symbolized by being blindfolded, releases the blessings.[
citation needed]
Over the past couple decades, the piñata tradition has been adopted by many Americans and has become a more common sight at parties and celebrations in the Southern US. In this region they are also commonly sold at both regular grocery stores and Hispanic specialty supermarkets.
[
edit] The Dale, Dale Song
While hitting the piñata the following
rhyme is commonly sung:
Dale, dale, dale,
No pierdas el tiro
Porque si lo pierdes
pierdes el camino.
Dale, dale, dale
Dale y no le dio
Quítenle la venda
¡Porque sigo yo!
¡Se Acabó!
¡Sigo yo!
which translates as:
Hit it, hit it, hit it (or Go, go, go)
Don't lose your aim
Because if you lose it (your aim)
You will lose the path.
Hit it, hit it, hit it (or Go, go, go)
Hit it, He didn't hit it
Take away his blindfold
Because it's now my turn!
I'm next!
Variation:
Dale, dale, dale,
No pierdas el tino
Porque si lo pierdes
pierdes el camino.
Ya le diste una,
Ya le diste dos,
Ya le diste tres,
Y tu tiempo se acabó
¡Se Acabó!
[
edit] Other meanings
The word piñata was also used for the process whereby
Nicaragua's former
Sandinista leaders held on to property they had nationalized while in power. The successor government accepted these appropriations.
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